Abstract: Coal slime flotation is now recognized as one of the most economic and efficient separation technologies used to process fine coal slime,and it is also an efficient way for the coal preparation plant to gain the best economic,social and environmental benefit,but flotation efficiency is affected by many factors,such as equipment performance,flotation process,and flotation reagent system etc. coal slurry preparation technology,flotation equipment and the development of flotation technology are introduced,furthermore,taking economic benefit of coal slime flotation in Nanliang coal preparation plant for example to explain the importance of this technology in the future development of the coal preparation industry.