Abstract: Flotation is currently the most effective fine coal separation method and also an important process link of a coal cleaning plant. An analysis is made in the paper of the progress made in recent years in the research of the key factors, such as the density and pH value of pulp, particle size, agent regime, process equipment selection, aeration quantity, bubble size, and in the theoretical study on flotation dynamics and bubble formation, as well as the law of the influence on flotation performance exerted by the factors cited above. The result of the study may serve as a reference for selection and optimization of parameters of flotation process.