Abstract: Fine coal flotation is an important process link of coal preparation plant for upgrading of coal product and improvement of coal cleaning efficiency.It is found that the chemical environment of the solution with inorganic salt ions as basic element exerts an important impact on fine coal flotation process.The following effects produced by conditioner NaCl, an ordinary inorganic salt in solution system, are investigated: effect of NaCl on fine anthracite coal flotation process, and the effect of NaCl on bubble size and aggregation behavior of particles in flotation system as revealed by measurements of bubble size and break-up time with technical means and FMRM Particle Track G400.Study results show that the use of NaCl can lead to noticeable reduction of the size of the bubble of vapor-liquid phase, and the use of the NaCl with a concentration of 0.4mol/L can produce a result comparable to that of using 9mg/L octanol; addition of NaCl can help promote the aggregation of particles in pulp system, and the average chord length of particles is seen to be increased from 28.5μm to 40μm after the addition of the 0.6mol/L NaCl solution; the conditioning effect on bubble size and aggregation behavior of particles produced by NaCl plays a significant role in enhancement of fine coal flotation process; and in the case of adding a NaCl solution with a concentration of 0.6mol/L, the recovery of combustible matter in flotation concentrate can be increased to 74.04%.