Abstract: The problems faced by Yangchangwan Plant in operation of the newly added small coal heavy-medium separation system are low operation stability of the system, undercapacity, and low-sharpness of separation of the 3-product H. M. cyclone. Based on in-depth analysis of the problems encountered in each process link, work is made on renovation and optimization of the system. The optimized system can now work continuously in a stable manner and its use can lead to rise of yield rate of clean coal and reduction of operating costs, bringing about a noticeably favorable economic result enabling the plant to earn additional revenues of 28.676 9 million yuan per year.