Abstract: The tailings flotation system needs to be optimized for addressing the problem regrading the high calorific value of tailings. Based on results of analysis of the problems encountered with the use of the primary and secondary flotation processes, and through investigation of the flotability of feed material by making timed-release analysis and test on flotation conditions, the effects that can be obtained by the following three flotation schemes are explored and compared:single-stage roughing process, single-stage roughing + single-stage cleaning process and single-stage roughing + two-stage cleaning process. Study result shows that there exists a certain degree of loss of coal particles in tailings; the feed for primary flotation process exhits a fairly good flotability; there exists the potential for further upgrading and optimization of the flotation system currently used; and through the use of the single-stage roughing + two-stage cleaning process, the yield rate and ash of concentrate are 71.42% and 11.36% and the figures of the tailings are 75.53% and 10.36%, respectively, all meeting the requirements of the plant.